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Both of these trade agreements were terms for how US Mexico and Canada would trade with each other. The USMCA was negotiated by Trump himself who then also condemned it for being unfair without acknowledging that he was the one who implemented it during his first term.
| Area | NAFTA (1994–2020) | USMCA (2020– ) |
| -------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Full name | North American Free Trade Agreement | United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement |
| Countries | U.S., Mexico, Canada | U.S., Mexico, Canada |
| Labor rules | Weak side agreement only | Strong, enforceable labor standards |
| Environmental rules | Side agreement | In main text, fully enforceable |
| Auto content rules | 62.5% North American content | 75% North American content |
| Auto wage rule | None | 40–45% of auto content must be made by workers earning $16/hr |
| Outsourcing incentives | Encouraged offshoring to low-wage regions | Discourages low-wage outsourcing |
| Union protections | Not enforceable | Enforceable, especially in Mexico |
| Corporate lawsuit rights | Corporations could sue governments (ISDS) | ISDS greatly limited; removed U.S.–Canada |
| Digital trade | Not covered | Covered (data, e-commerce, IP) |
| Pharmaceutical patents | Longer monopoly protections | Shortened monopoly protections |
| Agriculture (Canada dairy) | Protected market | Market partially opened |
| Dispute review | Permanent | 6-year review, 16-year sunset |
| Worker impact | Wage suppression, job losses | Wage support, reshoring incentives |
| Main goal | Corporate trade liberalization | Worker protection + modern trade |